Selective Permeability: They allow some substances to cross more easily than others.
Concebtration Gradient: An increase or descrease in the density of a chemical substance in an area. Substances tend to move from where they are more concentrated to where they are less concentrated
Passive Transport: The diffusion of a substance across a biological membrane. Much of the traffic across cell membranes occurs by diffusion.
Fluid Mosaic: A membrane is a "mosiac" in having diverse protein molecules embedded in a framework of phospholipids.
Osmoregulation: The control of water balance.
Isotonic: (iso,same, tonos, tension) the cell's volume remains constant. The solute same on both sides.
Hypotonic: More concentration of solute concentration of solute is higher outside cell.
Hypertonic: Less concentration of solute inside cell.
Facilitated diffusion: When one of the proteins makes it possible for a substance to move down its concentration gradient.
Aquaporins: Transport Proteins that help certain cells such as plant cells, kidney cells, and red blood ccells through diffusion.
Reading Journal:
1) What is ATP and what are its functions? ATP stands for adenosin triphosphate. It powers nearly all forms of cellular work.
2) What are inhibitors and what are its main use? Inhibitors are chemicals that interferes with an enzyme's activity. there are a few different kinds of inhibitors, competitive inhibitor,reduces an enzyme's productivity by blocking substrates from entering the active site. a noncompetitive does not enter the active site because it binds to the enzyme elsewhere, chagning its shape of the enzyme so that the active site no longer fits the substrate.
3) What are the Laws of Thermodynamics? There are two laws of thermodynamics. the first, states that the energy in the universe is constant. the second states that energy cannot be destroyed.
Five Facts:
1) A fluid mosaic is a cellular membrane is as diverse as a mosaic of diverse protein molecules embedded in a fluid bilayer made of phospholipid molecules
2) Enzymes are protein catalysts that decrease the energy of activation needed to behin a reaction.
3) Aquaporins are transport protein in the plasma membrane of some plant or animal cells that facilitates the diffusion of water across the membrane.
4) Energy is the capacity to perform work.
5) The structure of a cell membrane are proteins embedded in a bilaryer of phospholipids.
Diffusion is the tendency for particles of any kind to spread out evenly in an available space, moving from where they are more concentrated to regions where they are less concentrated. A concentration gradient is an increase or decrease in the density of a chemical substance in an area. Passive transport is the diffusion of a substance across a biological membrane. Osmosis is a process where the diffusion of water molecules across a selectively permeable membrane. Tonicity describes the ability of a solution to cause a cell to gain or lose water. A hypotonic solution is a solution with a solute concentration lower than that of the cell. A hypertonic solution is asolution with a higher solute concentration. an isotonic solution is where the cell's volume remains constant. Osmoregulation is the control of water balance. Facilitated diffusion is when one of the proteins makes it possible for a substance to move down its concentration gradient. Active transport is when a cell must expend energy to move a solute against its concentration gradient.
exocytosis is a process to export bulky materials like proteins and polysaccharides. Endocytosis is a transport process that the cell takes in substances. Phagocytosis is when a cell engulfs a particle by wrapping extensions around it and packaging it within a mebrane enclosed sac. pinocytosis is when the cell 'gulps' droplets of fluid into tiny vesicles. Receptor-mediated endocytosis when receptor proteins for specific molecules are embedded in regions of the membrane that are lined by a layer of coat proteins. Energy is the capacity to perform work. Kinetic enrgy is the energy of motion. Heat is a form of kinetic energy. Potential energy is stored energy that an object possesses as a result of its location or structure. Chemical energy refers to teh potential energy available for release in a chemical reaction. Cellular respiration is a chemical process that uses oxygen to convert the chemcial energy stored in fuel molecules to forma chemical energy that the cell can use to perform work. ATP powers nearly all forms of cellular work. ATP stands for adenosine triphosphate. Phosphorylation is a transfer where a third phosphate group from ATP to another molecule.
A specific reactant that an enzyme acts on is an enzyme's substrate. The active site is where the substrate will fit. enzymes are specific because their active sites fit only specific substrate molecules.1) thesubstance starts with the empty active site
2) the substance enters the active site.
3)the substrate is connected to the products.
4) products are then released.
Video Link:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qqsf_UJcfBc
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